The CRISTAL trial (a cluster randomized, crossover, non-inferiority trial of aspirin compared to low molecular weight heparin for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in hip or knee arthroplasty, a registry nested study) was designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of aspirin compared with enoxaparin for the [...]
An estimated 82-89% of ecological research and 85% of medical research has limited or no value to the end user because of various inefficiencies. We argue that registration and registered reports can enhance the quality and impact of ecological research. Drawing on evidence from other [...]
Hypophosphatemia occurs frequently. Enteral, rather than IV, phosphate replacement may reduce fluid replacement, cost, and waste. Our primary outcome was serum phosphate at 24 hours with a noninferiority margin of 0.2 mmol/L. Secondary outcomes included cost savings and environmental waste reduction and additional IV fluid [...]
Single-use drug trays are widely used in anaesthesia procedures performed in Australia; however, their environmental impact has not been carefully assessed. A life cycle assessment was used to compare the carbon emissions resulting from the use of 10 types of single-use anaesthetic drug trays made [...]
Different methods to quantify the carbon impact of health care produce different answers. The top-down method, environmentally extended input output (EEIO) analysis, uses financial data to track money flows of products and services between sectors within an economy. Knowing both the direct emissions of each [...]
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the effects of exercise alone or exercise plus education compared with inactive control or education alone to prevent non‐specific LBP.
Risk-based stratified care involves selecting treatments according to a participant's risk of persistent disabling pain, to maximise treatment benefit and reduce potential harm and wasted resources associated with unnecessary interventions. The STarTBack approach is a widely known and investigated example of a risk-based stratified care [...]
Guidelines commonly recommend healthcare professionals to provide advice to people with acute LBP that explains the nature of LBP, its typically favourable prognosis, and also recommend that people are advised to stay active, avoid bed rest and remain at work. Two other approaches, advice based [...]
Although paracetamol (acetaminophen) combined with other analgesics can reduce pain intensity in some pain conditions, its effectiveness in managing low back pain and osteoarthritis is unclear. This systematic review investigated whether paracetamol combination therapy is more effective and safer than monotherapy or placebo in low [...]
Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) may improve sensitivity in population screening. However, evidence is currently limited on the performance of DBT in patients at a higher risk of breast cancer. This systematic review compares the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of DBT, digital mammography (DM), and ultrasound, [...]